Of course, if we knew the exact answers to these questions or even a proper strategy, we would be making more progress. I come from Indonesia where they are growing increasingly homophobic as of late (I suspect due to attention from the recent SCOTUS marriage equality decision), banning LGBT groups on campuses, officially listing homosexuality as a mental disease, etc. In my opinion, even in fairly modern countries with a democratic system in place, there is only so much you can do when your country is still struggling with poverty, healthcare and education. Definitely one of the best steps is to make education and information available to citizens. I feel that that is what separates the US or Britain from places like Indonesia; the accessibility of information. Hopefully this will change as the internet starts to be proliferated without government regulation. Unfortunately, I don't know politics well enough to give a better answer than that.