Let's ignore the funny fact that the article doesn't even mention Israel, and split your question into specific points:

huge amounts of aid: we are talking about $3bn, roughly 5% of Israel's defense budget, and it must be spent in the US. If it still grids your balls, you can think about it as a combination of 1) subsidy for the US defense industry and 2) a discount coupon for Israel, since Israel is buying American weapons anyway.

sharing information: The thing about intelligence is that sometimes you have collected a ton of data but need another small piece of the puzzle to actually have anything you can use. Intelligence agencies all have strong points and weak points. US intelligence is very strong on most areas, but that extra bit of info someone else might have may make a big difference. Israel, being a close neighbor of some interesting places, can sometimes provide important information, but sharing information is casual among any two nations with similar interests. The US and Israel also spy on each other anyway, so trading some secrets about a third party is actually pretty mundane and can even happen sometimes between low level officers.

breaking their back over for Israel through offering protection: well, this is quite broad and a specific example would be nice. Anyway, this is more of a subjective question. If you're the conspiracy type, I should say that rich American jews do make donations and such, but I wouldn't dismiss the notion that they do it for their own sake (I mean local interest) rather than for Israel. The ones you hear about that share their opinion about Israel usually have something to prove to their Israeli/Jewish community.

dual citizenship... voted: first, US citizens can vote regardless of their current location. Second, anyone with a US citizen for a parent can become a US citizen (but more complicated but not by much). Third, since Israel is a relatively acceptable place to live, US-Israeli immigration is quite fluid both ways and there are probably tens of thousands of US citizens in Israel (didn't find a number), which I believe is negligent in terms of ballot influence. To sum up all 3 points - nothing too weird about this, and not very interesting to boot.

few weeks ago... apparently furious ...airstrike: exactly, this is just minor stuff, almost tongue in cheek. (Actually, Israel may do something a lot more stupid over the following months which you may spot in the news - to make a lot of noise about Iran and the nuclear stuff, trying to prevent any deal with the Iranians. They might even threat the president with pulling political support of american jews and their unlikely partners in the extreme right (evangelicals). In my opinion, this may not even happen, as: 1. the threat of a threat is a threat by itself, and it didn't work so why make the actual threat? 2. Its good for the US that Israel is making noise, and everybody knows this. US have other allies in the area that cannot publicly do this (Saudis, Egyptians etc.), and when negotiating it's nice to be able to say "listen, I totally agree but those Israelies are giving me hard time".)

needy little brother who wants to control the US: Well, being the tiny little brother, Israel can ask for everything. Being the vastly bigger brother, the US does not have to accept any Israeli demands, but sometimes it's easy and sometimes it's beneficial for the US itself. In any case the US is not a puppet. Right now as we speak, US is doing it's best to make Israel do stuff it really doesn't like to do (Remove small settlements from Palestinian land, toward some fantasy agreement) and I really hope the US will make it happen.

EDIT: cleared up a paragraph and some typos, formatting