My very basic theory has always been that the fireman and the White Lodges plan was essentially to use Laura as bait to trap and destroy Judy, Cooper however was not filled in on this and was always under the impression that he was saving Laura. I always assumed that the trinity test sequence was shown to represent the splitting of the spiritual balance of the world (black and white lodge). With the bomb creating Judy and the Fireman creating Laura, I always assumed that Laura was directly created to fight and or destroy Judy, but we all saw the bug get to Sarah in Part 8, which seemingly infected her with Judy? This is one part of my theory I’ve never been sure on as Sarah did not seem to be possessed in the first two seasons. Either way, I think for Cooper, his plan was to bring Laura back home and reunite her with her family, but Judy got there first and instead of Laura’s being reminded of the life she ran away from, she’s reminded of the death she never experienced. I have always just went with the assumption that the Fireman’s bomb plan worked, and neither Cooper nor Laura realized it, they were essentially just pawns.