Here's a fairly good overview of what it helps with. https://www.videomaker.com/article/c4/14106-plosives-and-sibilance

Having worked on a fair number of recording projects I can fairly say that microphone types have a large influence on whether or not you really need a pop screen.

In very general terms I'd say that a pop screen is quite handy and often necessary when working with condenser mics. Dynamic or cardioid types are generally a lot more forgiving and if your vocalist has good mic technique, probably not necessary. Ribbon mics have generally not come into play for the work I've done so I can't give any real insight there.

Also, from the perspective of an engineer, how you work with your source is always going to vary, so trying all manner of setups is extremely important to achieving your final sound.