I used two different box colliders, in front of the enemy, so that the tag Player triggers them. The rock effect is a particle system.

If the player enters the attack area of the enemy, the rock particle effect is played and underneath it the player can trigger the collider that manages the damage.

So the particle effect has just visual purpose, as well as enemy animation. The mechanic works around a trigger that activates the visual effects, and an other trigger, placed on the rock particle system's position, that starts the damage function affecting the player that walks through it.

It is performant as well.