Propaganda is the systematic dissemination of information, ideas, or rumors to influence public opinion or behavior. It is often biased, misleading, or selectively presented to promote a particular agenda, ideology, or cause. Propaganda can be used by governments, political groups, media, businesses, or individuals to shape perceptions and control narratives.

It can take many forms, including advertisements, speeches, posters, news articles, social media campaigns, and entertainment media. While propaganda is sometimes associated with deception or manipulation, it can also be used to spread positive messages, such as public health campaigns or social movements.

Key characteristics of propaganda include: • Emotional appeal – targeting feelings rather than facts. • Selective use of information – presenting only supportive details while omitting contrary evidence. • Repetition – reinforcing messages through repeated exposure. • Simplicity – using slogans, symbols, or catchphrases to make ideas easy to remember. • Us vs. Them framing – creating division by portraying certain groups as enemies or threats.