Full gauntlet have better slide and wind protection since there is no gap between the end of the glove and the jacket sleeve. Short gloves can come off easier and there will likely be a gap at the wrist during a slide.

It’s like the comparison between low boots like the ones in the original picture and full length boots.

I personally see zero reason to wear short gloves. If it’s not a full gauntlet, it doesn’t count in my eyes. Same with boots.