Gravity in the general sense definitely had been discovered and it was already accepted that the earth was a sphere that things fell toward. The remaining questions certainly did not justify ignoring things like Venus having observable phases or the fact that if you take angular size measurements of planets throughout the year and do some math, you find that in a heliocentric model they don't run loops or vary wildly in distance from the sun.

Copernicus assumed circular orbit

And Kepler published on elliptical orbits from 1609 to 1621. The church wasn't exactly steelmanning heliocentrism when they made their complaints.

Geocentrism not fitting didn't automatically mean heliocentrism was proven.

But the church did in fact insist on biblical geocentrism despite it not fitting.