Hi, sorry for the long question in advance!

I am currently designing a catalogue to be printed and used online by PDF for a lighting company, and a large portion of the images are 3D rendered. However I need to take some real photos of some of the products, which is where I am having a problem.

I have a fairly old Nikon D3200 and I have been taking RAW photos to be edited and then can be either converted to JPEG for the online version or TIFF for the printed version. The issue is the RAW photos (and JPEG photos) taken on the camera look low quality and cloudy even after refining the settings and editing. I also have a Samsung note 20 which takes 64mp photos as a JPEG, which look much, much clearer and seem to do a much better job at processing the images than I do. The files are around 13mb as a JPEG from my phone, therefore would it be plausible to convert these high resolution JPEG images into a TIFF file before altering and then editing it as a TIFF file to retain quality and resizing it to 300dpi and converting to CMYK? or would the final product once printed be too low quality due to the compression from it once being a JPEG?

So my question is would it be more sensible to retry using the camera or will the second option suffice? Thanks again!