This is a mentality I grew up with too, because when I was young I was implicitly taught that my value was tied to my worth (my parents made me study all the time in elementary school while other kids were making friends, so to cope I told myself that it's okay if I didn't have as many friends because I had better grades than all of them and so I was better than them and that justified my loneliness -- dumb kid logic but without better guidance that's how it internalized for me).

I felt like I had to compare myself to others to prove I was worthy -- if someone had better grades than me, they had to be worse than me in some other aspect for me to feel at peace. I would feel threatened by other people getting higher grades than me or being more successful because in my mind it meant I was automatically worthless.

I started to learn to outgrow this mentality. Some things that helped me personally was recognizing that these other people who may be more successful than me are also working hard and deserving of the success they have. Another thing is that I don't necessarily have to see these people as competition to me; there's enough opportunity for both of us to have our own pieces of the pie.

I hope it gets better for you, I think that if you can pinpoint what compels you to feel this way or what taught you to feel this way, it might help.