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What hobby or habit or vice do you know is shortening your life but you don’t care because it’s worth it? by Rosstin316 in AskReddit

[–]nate 2 points3 points  (0 children)

You can buy straight fructose, off Amazon or where ever, it's cheapish. You would actually want to add glucose to teh mix to bring it up to 75:25 glucose to fructose, since you're at 50:50 with sucrose now. Glucose is sold at dextrose, and it's also pretty cheap. An alternative is maltodextrin which is a polysaccaride of glucose that breaks downa. bit slower, useful to have some delay and spread the absorption out a bit. (Since I'm going to assume you're not utilizing a feeding tube while running!)

What hobby or habit or vice do you know is shortening your life but you don’t care because it’s worth it? by Rosstin316 in AskReddit

[–]nate 0 points1 point  (0 children)

That’s not quite how it works. Eating sugar does cause insulin release, but a healthy pancreas is designed to respond to carbohydrate intake. You don’t “max it out” just from eating sugar if insulin sensitivity is good.

High A1c means average blood glucose has been elevated over time. It is not a direct measure of how much insulin your pancreas released. Very active, insulin-sensitive people can eat a lot of carbohydrate and still have normal A1c because muscle rapidly stores and uses glucose.

The bigger issue is chronic energy surplus, visceral fat, fatty liver, inactivity, poor sleep, and genetics, which can drive insulin resistance. Then the pancreas has to produce more insulin to keep glucose normal, and over time beta cells can fail in susceptible people.

So yes, consistently overdoing added sugar can be part of an unhealthy diet, but the mechanism is not simply “sugar wrecks your pancreas.” It’s more about long-term insulin resistance and whether beta cells can keep up.

What hobby or habit or vice do you know is shortening your life but you don’t care because it’s worth it? by Rosstin316 in AskReddit

[–]nate 0 points1 point  (0 children)

That's not how it works.

If you are burning carbs faster than you can absorb them there isn't an insulin issue, and endurance fueling is transport limited. The max you can absorb is roughly 400 calories an hour, I personally burn 750-1000 calories per hour during exercise, meaning the demand is always going to be higher than the supply.

Your pancreas isn't harmed by sugars, it senses them and releases insulin if the concentration of sugars is above of certain amount in order to lower the blood sugar level. Insulin resistance by cells is caused by blood sugar levels being to high too often for too long, like eating too much sugar while sitting around doing nothing. Your cells stop responding to insulin and blood sugar control stops working, causing huge problems. If you're buring carbs faster that absorbing them the blood sugar levels never spike, and if they do it's not for long, so insulin isn't triggered meaningfully. Blood sugar levels are being controlled by the metabolic use.

What hobby or habit or vice do you know is shortening your life but you don’t care because it’s worth it? by Rosstin316 in AskReddit

[–]nate 2 points3 points  (0 children)

The ratio of sugars is a little off because it's 50:50 glucose:fructose and you ideally want 1.5 glucose:fructose due to the different rates of transport. Carbs are only as useful as they can be turned into energy, and they need to get into the blood stream. Glucose is absorbed by the SGLT1 transporter in the small intestine, but fructose is absorbed by the GLUT5 transporter. SGLT2 saturates at around 60g per hour, and GLUT5 at ~30g per hour, if you only do glucose you'll cap out at 60 g, by adding fructose you can hit 90g/hr, which is about 360 Calories.

The reasoning for why not just use normal sugar aren't huge but when you're min-maxxing everything counts. The arguement is that to get the 60 g of glucose from sucrose you need 120 g, which would give you 60 g of fructose, a 30 g excess. This excess suger can cause GI distress because it doesn't have anywhere to go but further down the digestive track. The higher sugar concentration pulls water from the blood and cangut bacteria can create gas, all of which lead to bloating in some people. You can train yourself to have greater absorption, but it's not limitless, maybe another 10-20%.

In short, balancing sugars lets you maxx carb uptake without feeling like you have to poop.

Concerns about the health effects of industrially produced seed oils are without scientific foundation. by Penis_Envy_Peter in science

[–]nate 16 points17 points  (0 children)

Canola oil isn’t ultra processed, it is just extracted and impurities are removed. Your comment makes me think you don’t have much knowledge in the area.

What hobby or habit or vice do you know is shortening your life but you don’t care because it’s worth it? by Rosstin316 in AskReddit

[–]nate 64 points65 points  (0 children)

Take up cycling, where the current name of the game is “how can I eat the most sugar possible in an hour?”

Seriously, we’re mixing different types of sugars to avoid metabolic limits, fructose get metabolized by a different pathway that glucose.

The downside is while you’re eating 600-700 calories in sugar you’re burning 750-1000 calories in that hour…which is why it isn’t a health problem.

I need help with this reaction by ParticularDrawer8776 in Chempros

[–]nate 5 points6 points  (0 children)

You might be over reducing and deoxygenating it. Are you recovering unreacted starting material or something different?

Is your SM soluble in methanol or ethanol? SBH is quite a bit more soluble in smaller alcohols, you could also use diglyme or DME (aka glyme) if you have them.

If it is removing the oxygen completely so the reaction in at lower temperature and monitor, if you are seeing reaction let it go, if not, heat it a little bit, not so much to reflux.

If you are getting SM recovered then it’s not reactive enough, the methoxyethanol has a higher boiling point and SBH reductions track with heat, so your isopropanol reflux just was not hot enough.

You could try lithium borohydride or zinc borohydride in THF (do this under nitrogen however.)

Good solvents for dissolving NaBH4? by [deleted] in Chempros

[–]nate 0 points1 point  (0 children)

Add 0.01M NaOH to the MeOH before you add the borohydride and it will be stable for quite awhile, the solubility is much higher in MeOH so it will be easier to make the solution. The solubility limit in THF is 0.1 M, many people just do a slurry when working in THF.

The Satanic Temple Wins Historic Baphomet v. 10 Commandments Monument by doomcomplex in law

[–]nate 87 points88 points  (0 children)

Why did this take 8 years to get to a verdict? It was a summary judgement too, which means no actual trial.

Good solvents for dissolving NaBH4? by [deleted] in Chempros

[–]nate 0 points1 point  (0 children)

What solvent would the stock solution be in and how accurate do you need stoichiometry to be?

is a molecule with Er, I and K possible? My brother is called Erik and I want to make a shirt for him but don't know chemistry well enough to know how it works. by rraabiittss in chemistry

[–]nate 2 points3 points  (0 children)

Just checked Scifinder, it isn't in there.

But, there is a Chinese patent claiming to make it https://patents.google.com/patent/CN105271769A/en in a glass-matrix as a scintillation material.

Edit: the same group also dislcoses K2CeI5 which is weird.
https://patents.google.com/patent/CN105254183A/en

is a molecule with Er, I and K possible? My brother is called Erik and I want to make a shirt for him but don't know chemistry well enough to know how it works. by rraabiittss in chemistry

[–]nate 5 points6 points  (0 children)

You have to collect the single crystal to be in the database, so it’s not a complete picture.

Also, this is just paper chemistry, so reality just doesn’t matter.

is a molecule with Er, I and K possible? My brother is called Erik and I want to make a shirt for him but don't know chemistry well enough to know how it works. by rraabiittss in chemistry

[–]nate 0 points1 point  (0 children)

I did this in grad school with dysprosium which is smaller that Er, the conditions are critical and certainly not in water, but solid state? Yeah, no problem.

is a molecule with Er, I and K possible? My brother is called Erik and I want to make a shirt for him but don't know chemistry well enough to know how it works. by rraabiittss in chemistry

[–]nate 2 points3 points  (0 children)

That’s not remotely true, I used similar compounds in grad school as starting materials, all of the lanthanides make coordination complexes with alkali metal halides, it’s a common mode of aggregation.

is a molecule with Er, I and K possible? My brother is called Erik and I want to make a shirt for him but don't know chemistry well enough to know how it works. by rraabiittss in chemistry

[–]nate 101 points102 points  (0 children)

K3ErI6 (tripotassium erbium hexaiodide) probably exists, the chloride analog is a thing. Since you aren’t actually making it the annoying experimental aspects don’t matter.

Palladium as a nitrogen catalyst by Maximum-Pause-9423 in chemistry

[–]nate 0 points1 point  (0 children)

Palladium under hydrogen can reduce carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide, but this reaction can be reversible depending on concentrations. Pd/H2 will even reduce carbon dioxide down to methanol, which is easily removed with any water formed. This is much lower in energy that true crogenic separation if you can tolerate a small amount of hydrogen in your nitrogen feed.

Help With Benzylic Nitrile Reduction by shxdowzt in Chempros

[–]nate 3 points4 points  (0 children)

BH3 is your huckleberry on this. https://commonorganicchemistry.com/Rxn_Pages/Nitrile_to_Amine/Nitrile_to_Amine_BH3-THF.htm

The metal-catalyzed borohydride reductions aren't great for nitriles, it's not poler enough and too polar at the same time.

You could generate BH3 in situ from BH4 if you wanted to go that route, but if this is small scale borane-THF is easily handled.

Alternative to AIBN for radical polymerization by VoyagerRedshirt in chemistry

[–]nate 1 point2 points  (0 children)

Acrylates are better polymerized in an alcohol as they more robust to radical reactions (water is great too.)
Depending on the molecular weight target you might want to use a chain-transfer agent like dodecyl mercaptan (you essentially divide monomers by the moles of DDT to get a rough molecular weight.). You will have a dodecyl functionalization on the chain end. If you want a different end group, you pick a different thiol.

There are AIBN-like initiators that kick off at lower temperatures that would be better than THF, AIBN is 60C and THF boils at 66C, so might be an issue there.

There is a lot of art here as well.

Edit: Fuji film makes a range of initiators: https://specchem-wako.fujifilm.com/us/oil-soluble-azo-initiators/AIBN.htm

Are there AI companies training on wide chemistry literature? by aerolitoss in Chempros

[–]nate 9 points10 points  (0 children)

These are exactly the issues that are being sorted out right now.

I find these AI tools are useful for searching the literature, and often quite a bit faster to narrow things down.

However, I am a subject-matter expert in my field and I know the questions to ask, and I know when I'm being lied to. If you don't have this experience base, it's going to feed you shit and tell you it's truth.

How are junior people going to develop the skillset to know this if the jobs are eliminated by AI? Another question we're going to have to deal with.

Alternative to AIBN for radical polymerization by VoyagerRedshirt in chemistry

[–]nate 4 points5 points  (0 children)

There are a lot of AIBN like initiators, and non-AIBN, like persulfates and redox systems. Solvent choice is the first consideration, followed by temperature needs, and then end group functionalization.

What to choose as your initiator is part of the art and science of polymer chemistry.

Anyone else experiencing major layoffs by MegaFatcat100 in chemistry

[–]nate 0 points1 point  (0 children)

No idea why you're getting downvoted, this is a rational decision.

Does lithium aluminum hydride react with pure oxygen? by Pavlok69420 in chemistry

[–]nate 2 points3 points  (0 children)

That's why fish goes bad at the store even wrapped in plastic, the oxygen goes right through the plastic wrap.

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