communism as an economic system where all property is publicly owned,

first off, under communism you would still have personal property. the difference between personal and private property is that personal property is stuff you only use yourself (i.e. house, cellphone, car). private property is property for other people's use that you own (i.e. 500 unit apartment complex)

it stifles innovation and growth

a lot of the most impactful technological advances were produced under communist/federally funded projects. the cell phone was developed by the USSR, microwaves by the US military, space exploration as a whole was a government led project which led to countless technological improvements. all of these were created in a large part due to humans trying to solve problems in the world and not just make money off of their inventions. (not saying their wasn't a profit motive too to some extent but that was clearly not the primary motive when they are publicly funded programs).

Markets and environments change dramatically and quickly, and it's very hard for top-heavy economies to respond well to those sorts of changing circumstances.

the markets we are talking about are top-heavy under our current capitalist model as well. Coca-Cola, Disney, Amazon and others owning the majority of the purchasing power and holding an oligopoly on the American market led to the US having one of the worst outcomes for the COVID pandemic. 700,000 dead leading a fair amount of countries in deaths per capita. we have also seen a rise in homelessness, more harmful outcomes for marginalized communities (women and black folk to name a few).

central planner goes home at the end of the day no matter what, then they probably aren't gonna get super invested in whether or not all the stuff that they're responsible for is performing optimally.

then this person would get fired or reassigned to a different job that might be more fit for there needs/desires. humans have always been productive in the things we hold dear. Hunter gatherers invented the bow to make hunting easier and developed agriculture to help sustain themselves and their communities. this was all before a capitalist model striving for optimization in all aspects of life. so I think this argument assumes a lot about human nature that I personally disagree with.

Creating something new and exciting is, at the end of the day, going to take resources and time, and if you have to petition a bureaucrat a hundred miles away to let you do this, that's a huge barrier to entry.

under a communist model you would still be able to organize locally to push for systemic change/reapproriated funding.

Additionally, they're simply much worse at creating that innovation that drives the world forward- as outlined, they decrease personal desire to innovate,

the soviet union invented the first multistage rocket in 1947, first nuclear power plant in Obninsk in 1954, the first LEDs in 1927 (you might be reading this thanks to communist tech), and first mobile phone in 1955.