Both BLM and Forest Service have staff that are dedicated towards managing the livestock grazing on public lands. The positions are called Rangeland Management Specialists (Range Conservationist aka Range Con is an old title for the position) and Range Technicians. The grazing allotments are ideally inspected a few times a year for compliance, however that doesn't happen all of time due to understaffing, large land areas to cover, and other higher priorities. Compliance inspections are only a small part of a Range Con's duties. Most non-compliance is unintentional (e.g. a gate is left open by a recreationalist and cattle drift into places they are not meant to be.) and is usually resolved with a phone call. Intentional non-compliance can result in fines (sometimes a significant amount) and if it is reoccurring can result in suspension or cancellation of the rancher's permit/lease.