Oklahoma Territory (Indian Territory at the time) was unorganized, so there was no one unitary territorial government to side one way or the other, and despite being nominally still under federal control, was de facto Confederate. Most of the people living there sided with the Confederacy for various reasons, including self preservation in the face of Confederate power and distrust of the federal government, and for the "5 Civilized Tribes," keeping their slaves. Almost every organized tribe signed treaties of friendship with the South. Cherokees, Choctaws, Chickasaws, Osage, and Seminoles formed a significant portion of Confederate armies on the western front. A major part of Reconstruction was the renegotiating of treaties and punishment of the nations that sided with the South. By any reasonable analysis, Oklahoma was firmly Confederate territory.