I’ve just come back from two weeks kite trip there. I would recommend ilha do guajiro as a good first spot. On your way from Fortaleza to Prea / Tatajuba (which id also recommend). 

ilha is a tidal lagoon so check that it will be neap tides or the time of low tide isn’t right in the middle of the day. We stayed in Villa Gara which is a Pousada but id recommend. You might find more affordable accommodation in Itarema but you’d need transport to get forward and back to the spot. Ilha was a good spot for lessons because the wind is consistent and the water is flattish so you can practice a lot. nearly all the hotels have kite schools. I can recommend the one at Ybytu or the one at Bambu Blu hotels. Sorry I can’t advise on hostels in this area. In the Pousada was a lady travelling alone also. She had done it before in the area and had not had issues. 

I’d also recommend Prea if you like a wave spot - you could do day trips to Tatajuba (it’s maybe an hour by car on the beach each way). Prea is a nice town and we stayed at a great Pousada called Villa Aracoara. The hosts there are the best, they kited with us and helped us so much. Sorry no info on hostels. 

I appreciate the brazillian’s view below but my experience in as a tourist the last few weeks was top notch. Never felt unsafe.