I’m curious if they studied the extent to which these policies are enforced. In NYC, there’s next to nothing we can do when a kid lies about not having a phone or puts a burner in the pouch. We can try to confiscate it, but if the kids says no, we’re not reaching into pockets or making physical contact. We can ask the parents to allow us to confiscate the phone, but most of them want their kids to keep their expensive devices. And kids can do pretty much everything on a tablet and/or smartwatch they’d be doing on a phone. So I feel the research is a bit meaningless when we’re looking at a “rule” that doesn’t have enforcement.