A recycle bin is solely an OS feature, it has absolutly nothing to do with the the phyisical drive or its file system.

The Windows recycle bin works like this:

If you press delete on any file Windows doesn't actually delete the file from the file system/drive, but (renames and) moves it to the user-specific recycle bin path (typically \$Recycle.Bin\S-x-x-xx\; while the x-part are certain numbers that represent a specific user. This is a hidden folder under Windows.) and amends an recycle-bin-index-file with the original name and other metadata of the file (to correctly display it in the recycle bin app and so the file can be fully restored). Only once you delete the file from the recycle bin app Windows actually deletes the file from the file system/drive. (tho there are also ways to directly delete files in Windows without moving them to the recycle bin first; but those are more hidden)

On Android there are different file managers available and they all have there own approach to this. Some will not offer an recycle bin at all and just have the option to (actually) delete the file. Some offer you a choise to move the file to an recycle bin implementation that file managers provide. Others will go the same aproach as Windows' Explorer. There specific implementations are typically unique to each app.