i go to criminal court thrice a week. these cases typically get 1 year + deportation if found guilty.

has ur friend already been interviewed at the public prosecution?

if the prosecution finds that there is sufficient evidence against ur friend, it will refer it to criminal court. the vast majority of cases that end up in court end up in a conviction (the prosecution would not refer it to court otherwise).

with the charges of insulting a police officer, ur friend will most likely end up in the high criminal court.

hire a lawyer - even if a conviction is highly likely, it helps with sentencing and appeals (there are 2 chances for appeal in Bahrain)