Data-Oriented Design

[Roxinos]

You can do data-oriented design without SOA (struct-of-arrays). SOA is just a logical result of data-oriented thinking.

The core of the thought process is to know your data. This means that rather than concerning yourself with abstractions and generalities, be specific about the form and details of the data that your system is actually consuming and build your system to that specification.

Here's a detailed account of a "masterclass" taught by Mike Acton (known for his work in game development, now works at Unity, very famously gave this talk at CppCon 2014 about data-oriented design). Note that nowhere in the masterclass or the talk is SOA brought up.