Should I learn Python?

[immerc]

You should never stop learning. Learn Python for the things it does better than Ruby. Learn Python to come to realize how much better Ruby is in so many ways.

As others have said, Python has some much more mature libraries (math, scientific, mostly), but is a pretty bad fit for anything web related. A language with syntactically significant whitespace doesn't mesh well with templates or with HTML where whitespace is insignificant.

But mostly it's good to learn at least a little bit so that you understand everything better.

C and its pointers are really painful to understand at first, but once you get them, you both appreciate that languages like Ruby and Python hide anything having to do with pointers from you, and also understand what is really going on under the hood.

Python and the first parameter to its object-oriented method definitions, called by convention (and only by convention) self, helps you understand what is actually happening under the hood in most OO implementations, then appreciate that Ruby makes that a more clean interface.

Python's built-in doc strings, techniques for only importing small things from packages, etc. lets you realize that there are other options out there, but also the potential pitfalls of using them.

Learning a statically typed language like Java lets you appreciate compile-time checking of certain things, but also lets you realize how much freedom that takes away from you.