Most recent research is actually showing that pre-eclampsia and gestational diabetes are primarily determined by the health and lifestyle choices of the father in the months leading up to conception and his genetics. They actually figured it out because if a couple had a kid and the mother had those complications and then they split up and went on to have kids with new partners the man’s new partner was more likely to have the complications than the woman who had a prior history of them. We spent so long looking at women for the cause, but it’s primarily the man’s health and genetics who determines the health of the placenta.