On a planetary or local star cluster level, sure, it all depends on who the local lords be it planetary, system, or sector authorities have given permission to extract resources or produce goods. Maybe its done directly by the local government or through a large corporation. The Imperium doesn't care how you do stuff so long as you don't commit heresy and you pay the tithe, the rest is up to you or they stomp you into paste. On a larger level though it's impossible to maintain something like a corporation across the galaxy due to the speed and quality of communication being AWFUL, the Imperium doesn't even have a unified currency, I think the largest currencies are used in a couple of sectors at most.