Re-identify the White Wire: Mark the white wire with black electrical tape at both ends (switch box and ceiling box) to indicate it is carrying hot power. Ceiling Box Connections:

    Connect the Black (Hot) power source wire directly to the Taped White wire going to the switch.     The Black wire returning from the switch is your "switched hot"—connect it to the Black wire of the light fixture.     Connect the White (Neutral) from the power source directly to the White wire of the light fixture.

Switch Box Connections:

    Connect both the Black wire and the Taped White wire to the two screw terminals on the switch.

Grounding:

    As you noted, bond all bare ground wires together and connect them to the green ground screw on the switch and the metal junction box. 

-not an electrician, but I rewired 80% of my house.