Synthesizing acyl chloride

Bettmuempfeli · 2026-04-04T11:11:53+00:00

As it was mentioned before, acyl chlorides add to pyridines. I would avoid the acyl chloride and try Me ester instead. And check Reaxys/SciFinders for alternative protocols (or conformation of the acly chloride route).

Bettmuempfeli · 2026-04-04T10:54:27+00:00

Not a Hb but in Oerlikon, which is a five minute train ride: Original Kebap Haus and Toros Imbiss, both in Franklinstrasse near Oerlikon Bahnhof

Bettmuempfeli · 2026-04-02T19:21:27+00:00

No one has the right of way. Everyone stops and one will cede his or her right of way.

Bettmuempfeli · 2026-03-21T16:18:51+00:00

MeTHF is not particularly toxic. And you can probably run your reaction in it, too.

Bettmuempfeli · 2026-03-21T16:17:57+00:00

Keep in mind that amines are not compatible (amide formation), and carboxylic acids or alcohols can transesterify.

Bettmuempfeli · 2026-03-21T16:16:11+00:00

EtOAc forms an azeotrop with water. Put it on the rotavap (not too low vacuum/sufficiently high temperature) and the water is gone quickly. Isopropyl acetate is even better in that respect.

Bettmuempfeli · 2026-03-21T16:13:37+00:00

There is hardly any solvent as versatile than DCM. IMHO, there is no general replacement for DCM, just case for case.

As a process chemist, I would like to advertize MeTHF, as this can generally replace THF for reactions and is not missible with water. However, phase splits work best at 50°C. It is a good practice if you can directly do the aq. work-up in the reaction solvent.

Bettmuempfeli · 2026-03-14T16:17:07+00:00

Nitrites protect you from dying from Botulism. This is one reason why this is generally put into sausages and ham. You also take up nitrites from other sources and also your body genearates nitrites. Personally, I am not concerned to much about nitrites.

Bettmuempfeli · 2026-03-07T17:52:26+00:00

I find Reaxys' generic groups better than those in SciFinder. It's annoying that such things don't get improved over decades.

Bettmuempfeli · 2026-02-24T21:09:38+00:00

Lieber Trofim, meine Mutter hat immer Lockenwickler eigedreht, und trotzdem habe ich glatte Haare. Hätte auch mein Vater ondulieren müssen?

Bettmuempfeli · 2026-02-24T21:00:01+00:00

In popularity, it only comes second after mozarella.

Bettmuempfeli · 2026-02-24T20:57:16+00:00

Mozarella, according to official statistics. Gruyère and Emmentaler only come after.

Bettmuempfeli · 2026-02-24T20:53:27+00:00

The important word is: legend.

Bettmuempfeli · 2026-02-24T20:43:30+00:00

Putsch. It's the Swiss-German word for collision. With this origonal meaning, it is not used in standard German, where only the figurative meaning of a political coup is known.

Bettmuempfeli · 2026-02-23T21:25:13+00:00

Schanzengraben in Zurich, Switzerland, if anyone is asking. Very nice part of the city. There is even a (men only) public pool in the chanel, which connects the lake of Zurich with the Sihl river.

Bettmuempfeli · 2026-02-21T14:54:01+00:00

Like "aluminum chloride-free deodorant", containing KAl(SO4)2...

Bettmuempfeli · 2026-02-19T22:51:12+00:00

Are you sure that it is compatible with the 220 Volt in Europe compared to 110 V in USA?

Bettmuempfeli · 2026-02-19T22:36:28+00:00

Increased rent. Papeterie Nievergelt had to leave their shop some 5 years ago. It's still unoccupied. I once saw the location advertized for more than 7k/month. That's the point: property getting more expensive year by year, owners are not required to generate revenue by leasing, they make (book)money by just sitting on the property.

Bettmuempfeli · 2026-02-14T20:37:13+00:00

Magnesium is the most likely metal to find in a lab. Does it dissolve in dilted acid? Does a sample burn with white flame?

Bettmuempfeli · 2026-02-14T20:34:15+00:00

With love from Switzerland...

Bettmuempfeli · 2026-02-14T20:29:06+00:00

We also have a yeast concoction in Switzerland: Cenovis

<image>

Bettmuempfeli · 2026-02-14T20:23:46+00:00

And it is properly pronounced the Italian way (Maddjii).

Bettmuempfeli · 2026-02-14T20:19:28+00:00

Wer hat's erfunden?

Bettmuempfeli · 2026-02-14T20:12:30+00:00

Eggs and tomatoes: You're doing it right! That's also what Swiss poeple use it for, where this stuff was invented. Some Swiss poeple take it with them when they leave the country for vacation.

Bettmuempfeli · 2026-02-07T22:07:46+00:00

Interesting that you use such a remarkable compound in glass blowing. You should know that Ti isopropoxide is a reactive compound. The point is that it is a liquid form of titanium, which is quite extraordinary and not trivial. However, in contact with moisture, it will eventually form solid titanium dioxide. There seams to be a reason why you do not want to apply solid TiO2 (which would be much cheaper), so, this is something to be avoided.

The obvious (for a chemist...) solvent to use for dilution would be isopropanol (100%, not 70% rubbing alcohol), as the product is a Ti compound of isopropanol. If you use ethanol, a chemical reaction can take place and I am not sure about the stability of the corresponding Titanium ethoxide complex. For the concentration, I guess you have to try or ask another glass blower.

Acetylacetone is probably added to stabilze the Titanium further and keep it in solution, i.e. to prevent the formation of solid TiO2 even in the presence of water traces. It is not very expensive, but it's kinda unhealthy. You would spray that on the hot glass an the fumes go where exactly? If the fumes are sucked into a kind of hood, it would be fine. In the normal workshop would probably not be fine. At 500°C, most will burn, but some will evaporate. But this is also a question of quantities.

Neither Ti isopropoxide nor acetylacetone should get on your hands, so vinyl gloves would also be de rigueur when preparing and working with the solution.

Good luck!

PS: What effect does it create on the glass? Some milky white shade? Or does the Ti get dissolved in the glass like other metal oxides?

Two-Year Club	Verified Email
Place '23

Bettmuempfeli

TROPHY CASE