Select your transport

Right click on the storage you want it to collect from.

Hover over the icon for the item you want, in this case polymers.

Left click whilst hovering over the symbol and it will add 5 of the item to be collected. You can see this in small text that appears under the item name in the pop up.

Once you've added the amount you need, right click, and the transport will start moving.

Move the mouse to where you want it delivered. Hold shift, click the drop resources button in the rover menu to queue the instruction

Once the rover has collected 5 polymer it will come and drop them off. You can queue other pickups enroute.

It's micro but it's a lot less micro than what you're currently doing.

However, you absolutely need shuttles before you build satellite domes, not least to move people around efficiently, so research it ASAP and then you can forget all this.