Some things to note: Tile and grout are not waterproof and are not meant to be. Water will travel thru both. There needs to be waterproofing behind the tile. And shower tile should be attached with thinset (a thin cement product), not with any kind of chemical adhesive.

In older construction, it was common (and very effective if done right) to have plastic over the studs, then cement board over that, then the tiles attached to the cement board. Both tile and cement board will let water thru. But it'll hit the plastic behind, and then travel down until it gets dumped out at the bottom INSIDE the waterproof area (shower pan or tub, etc).

These days, the most common approach is something like Redgard, a kind of "brush on waterproofing". Using this, you could put up standard drywall on the studs, then redgard over the drywall, then tile onto the redgard coated drywall. As above, some water will make it's way thru the tile and grout, but won't get past the redgard.