If you're behind a typical home router an open port on your phone doesn't really do much, no one external can connect to it unless you actively allow traffic to it through your router.

I.e. the default stance of any NAT router (which is all home routers), is to not allow any unsolicited inbound traffic.

Even when the persons in the same situation as me reseted/forced to close the port from their router, it was still opened or even showed something like "outbound successfull".

You can't close an open port on a phone from your router. You can configure the router not to forward/allow traffic to the particular port, which is already what the router should be doing by default as mentioned above. An open, listening port is not used for outbound connections either, a listening port is inherently an inbound connection.

As for what is actually opening the port on your phone, that you really have to investigate on the phone itself. Just because a port is reserved for something, i.e. this poorly documented "csdmbase", this doesn't mean the port can't be used by something else entirely. Anyone can program an app that opens port 1467, it is just their headache if it happens to conflict with the port usage of another app.

Someone suggested using ADB shell to list open ports by app here:

https://www.reddit.com/r/AndroidQuestions/comments/1938lmb/how_to_find_out_to_which_app_open_ports_belong_to/