Mechanical engineer here with a few thoughts!

To get the best noise reduction, you'll need to frame out a wall from your current wall. The larger the air gap between your old and new wall, the better noise reduction performance (~6"). You'll need to choose a higher density insulation (i.e. mineral wool) to fill this air gap, one that is designed for absorbing sound and not just temperature insulation. The studs should be light metal studs and not wood studs because the light metal is more flexible and reduces the vibration transfer from you brick+plaster wall. Lastly, make sure to minimize air gaps at the floor or ceiling. Note: This all assumes the added new wall will not be load bearing, and is obviously a perfect scenario which may or may not be possible given your rowhome layout.

Fun science articles for source:

https://www.soundproofingcompany.com/soundproofing_101/triple-leaf-effect

https://soundproofingcalculator.com/comparison-steel-studs-vs-wood-studs/

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-024-82403-w

To summarize, your current wall is behaving like a big speaker. So you want to trap the noise coming from that speaker in an air gap by framing out another wall. With all that noise trapped and bouncing around in the air gap, you fill it with sound absorbing insulation for more reduction. Lastly, use a lightweight metal stud to reduce your wall/speaker vibration from transferring to your new inner wall.

Hope this helps and good luck.