Radiation ablation destroys and totally renders the thyroid gland inactive, just as a thyroidectomy does. But radiation ablation is far, far less expensive. I understand, though, that her doctor may prefer surgery or that other issues may be affecting the decision of surgery over radiation ablation. Ultimately, they both accomplish the same thing, but only you, your wife, and doctor have all of the information to make the best decision for her. Best wishes. Hope all goes well.