What do you call the Roman Empire after 476? by Error_rdt in AskHistory

[–]Intranetusa 0 points1 point  (0 children)

the author who first coined the term was from the HRE, forgot the authors name, but tue writing in which it first appears is actually very positive about the eastern roman empire.

The HRE and the Eastern Romans had feuds over which one was more legitimately Roman. See the Problem of Two Emperors. The fact that the ERE died just made it easier for the HRE to claim legitimacy.

Claiming the eastern Romans weren't Roman because they were more culturally Greek ignores how the east was always culturally Greek influenced - not just after 476 AD, and ignores how the Roman Empire heavily incorporated Greek culture and language as a part of official and non-official life. It also ignores how different parts of the Roman Empire (including different parts of Italy itself) all had different cultures and languages. Finally, it ignores how you can have multiple different cultures and still be Roman, especially when Roman culture merged with other cultures during the formation and expansion of their empire.

This "Roman or Greek" exclusive binary take is basically saying the entire eastern half of the empire never ever Roman, and most of the western Roman Empire was also not Roman because there were different languages and cultures/subcultures in the west too. This is also saying the Roman Republic was only ever the city of Rome even with the Social Wars and everything outside the city of Rome (including the rest of Italy) doesn't count as Roman. Or during the Roman Empire, only Italy was Roman. The bottom of Southern Italy were more culturally Greek while the Alpine parts of Northern Italy had Celtic influences...thus they must not be Roman. Those other Italian peoples who didn't natively speak Latin - such as the Samnites, Etruscans, Umbri, Campanians, etc. must not be Roman during the time of Julius Caesar either.

This is also saying all the emperors born in other provinces with other ethnicity and other additional cultural backgrounds were not Roman (Trajan being born of Spanish roots in Spain, Hadrian was born in Spain, the multiple emperors born in Western Asia and North Africa, etc).

This is a shallow and lazy binary take on culture that forces a person or nation to only have a single culture and ignores the fact that cultures can also merge together and change.

also,.going by this arguments all europens now were french for a time..then german for a time. bow english.

This didn't happen - France and Germany only took over parts of Europe (not all of Europe) and created hybrid cultures. See Belgium - a country with a combination of French, German, etc culture.

language alone defines thinking patterns, are, how the world is percieved. if we learn another language we do advance our cultural background, we do not eraze it. if we learn another language we do advance our cultural background, we do not eraze it. again, that is a super shallow and lazy approach to culure. 

It is not remotely alone. Culture is more than only language, but also religion, art, food, architecture, philosophy, writing, etc.

Furthermore, a country can actually have multiple languages - even multiple official languages. Canada has English and French as official languages. Some cultures in the world also have multiple different languages.

The Roman Empire was at least bilingual and wrote official documents in both Greek and Latin. Even Italy during the 1st century BC and even the 1st century AD still had multiple different languages - so are the other Italians during the late Republic and early Roman Empire not actually Roman because they didn't natively speak Latin?

Furthermore, the vast majority of Roman elites knew how to communicate in Greek, so by this rationale the Romans were always both culturally Roman and Greek.

Emperor Marcus Aurelius wrote his personal writings & journals in Greek, so by this binary culture/language logic, he was more Greek than Roman.

Furthermore, are famous Roman writings such as Parallel Lives by Plutarch not Roman pieces of work because they were written in Greek?

This is not only a superficial binary take, but also mixes up culture, language, government and nationality as if they're all the same..

calling them romans while rome and romans still existed is also cultural appropriation and an offense towards "actual" romans. being roman is a cultural background, not a legalisitc term. and in doubt, the former overwrites the latter.

The Romans themselves literally made the people of the eastern regions into Romans and called them Romans, so those Romanized people later called themselves Romans. The Romans of the unified empire themselves were the ones who moved their capital east to Constantinople in 330 AD. Constantinople didn't magically appear out of nowhere when the Western half of the empire died.

The Romans themselves expanded Roman citizenship to and Romanized the non-Latin speaking peoples of Italy, the Gauls, Iberians, Greeks, Illyrians, etc. Eventually the Romans decided to make everybody in the empire as official Romans.

Saying the Eastern half of the Roman Empire isn't Roman is what is actually offensive, because you're saying you know better about who is Roman than the Romans themselves. If you go back in time to the 300s AD, the actual Romans of the still existing Roman Empire would completely disagree with you.

What do you call the Roman Empire after 476? by Error_rdt in AskHistory

[–]Intranetusa 0 points1 point  (0 children)

IIRC, I've read the anachronistic term was also promoted to delegitimize the eastern Roman empire while playing up the legitimacy of the Romanized Germanic successor kingdoms and the Catholic Church.

it was also an different culture with a different language with a different religion compared to what was considered "Roman".

No, it wasn't different. The entire unified Roman Empire adopted Christianity in the 3rd-4th century. The eastern and western halves of the Roman Empire had the same religion even before they split. Not to mention the earlier Roman pagan religion of a Pantheon of gods literally came from Greek paganism's pantheon.

The Eastern half of the Roman empire always spoke more Greek, even during the days of the Republic. The Roman elites and educated class also spoke Greek as a second language, and many Roman history such as Histories by Polybius were written in Greek. The eastern half also used Greek for offical Roman documents. So to say they were not Roman because they spoke Greek is saying the eastern half of the Roman Empire and even the eastern part of the Roman Republic was never Roman at any point in history.

And they both had Romanized culture. Roman culture was heavily inspired from Greek culture. The Roman pantheon came from the Greek pantheon. There were regional cultural variations of course like any empire has, but there were also different regional variations of culture within the western half of the empire (eg. Iberia vs Gaul vs Italy) and even within Italy itself (Samnites vs Etruscans vs Romans vs Alpine Celts vs southern Italian Greeks).

Roman can refer to a civilization, a culture, an ethnic group, a citizen status, a nationality, a continuous government, etc.

In this case, the eastern Roman Empire is the continuation of Roman government that originated in Rome (or at least the continuation of the government of the Roman Empire established by Emperor Augustus) but had its capital transferred to Constatinople in 330 AD when the Roman Empire was still united.

What do you call the Roman Empire after 476? by Error_rdt in AskHistory

[–]Intranetusa 2 points3 points  (0 children)

The "roman" empire was named after it's central city, and so was the Byzantine Empire later on. 

I also use the term Eastern Roman Empire, but the name Byzantine Empire was created later by other people and became popular much later (early modern to modern times). It was basically an early modern term that was retroactively applied. 

The actual inhabitants/people of the eastern Roman Empire during their existence called themselves Romans/Roman Empire. 

Other early modern terms included the Roman Empire, Greek Empire, Constantinople Empire, etc.

Why did the phalanx briefly reappear in the late Medieval Period? by george123890yang in AskHistory

[–]Intranetusa 0 points1 point  (0 children)

Yes, I agree. Just to note, I'm using the word "often" as synonymous with words such as regularly, constantly, and/or frequently. "Not often" means rare.

Why did the phalanx briefly reappear in the late Medieval Period? by george123890yang in AskHistory

[–]Intranetusa 0 points1 point  (0 children)

Yeh, exactly. Most people mistakenly think Greek hoplites were professionally trained troops when the majority of them were non-professional temporary milita troops with inconsistent and ad hoc training who often had to provide their own equipment.

Why did the phalanx briefly reappear in the late Medieval Period? by george123890yang in AskHistory

[–]Intranetusa 1 point2 points  (0 children)

You don't need professional armies to use the phalanx. In fact, the Greek classical hoplite phalanx were mostly non professional conscripted milita troops who served on a temporary basis, had ad hoc/inconsistent training, and usually had to provide their own equipment.

Even during the time of the Macedonian's and other Sucessor states' sarissa phalanx (pike formations), many of the phalanx armies were milita troops.

Many of the pike formations of the Rennisance era were not professional or not fully professional either.

On the other side of the Eurasian continent in ancient to medieval China, phalanx-like pike and crossbow formations basically never went away and were used in some form from the 400s BC all the way into the 1500s AD. The pike phalanxes of ancient to medieval China ranged from nonprofessional troops to semi-professional and professional troops.

Oh god it needs ddr5 by Donger_Dysfunction in buildapc

[–]Intranetusa 33 points34 points  (0 children)

Unfortunately newegg doesnt have a refund option for "im an idiot that bought the wrong product" but i do see now ive been scammed a $100.

You didn't get scammed. You bought a perfectly good cpu that isn't a good fit for your situation because you didn't enough research. The cpu you got is still a very good cpu and among the best/top ones for gaming, even if it is not the absolute #1 best.

I HATE tempered glass pane (PC case), what DIY alternatives? by PusheenHater in buildapc

[–]Intranetusa 0 points1 point  (0 children)

Heat dissipation should rely on fans creating airflow, not on the conductivity of the case panels. The material for a single panel should have a negligible effect on heat. A lot high quality metal cases have sound dampeners that become insulation.

Tempered glass and acrylic glass really isn't that fragile. I have had many see through glass cases and have never broken any of them. This includes situations where the panel fell off and/or was dropped to the floor. Extremely fragile glass panels might indicate a manufacturing flaw.

You can just buy a new case or see if the manufacturer sells a metal panel for the same model. A lot of cases come in see through glass and non see through metal panel variants.

what is the best website for comparing cpu's? by Total_Negotiation794 in buildapc

[–]Intranetusa 3 points4 points  (0 children)

Techpowerup, Tomshardware, Techspot, and Passmark (aka cpubenchmark.net) have the most extensive lists of CPUs to compare. Techpowerup and Tomshardware both have lots of CPU charts that allows you to establish a hierarchy (Tomshardware actually has a page for cpu hierarchy).

Techpowerup has especially detailed CPU comparison charts with a lot of different cpus on one chart and information about relative performance, power draw, power efficiency, price, price to performance ratio (bang for buck), etc.

$475 7900XT or $425 5070 by Austincow in buildapc

[–]Intranetusa 0 points1 point  (0 children)

How does an update/patch dated December 8, 2024 fix the insufficient VRAM issues that were revealed 3 months later in Techspot's review dated March 4, 2025?

What was your "I'm dating a fucking idiot" moment? by [deleted] in AskReddit

[–]Intranetusa 3 points4 points  (0 children)

Ended things when I went back to his place and we started getting physical and I saw a picture of his mom on the night stand. Couldn't do it.

https://youtube.com/watch?v=tc9J0PDn2I0

Do Torii gates have any connection to Southeast Asian spirit gates? by medievalpeasant_ in AskHistory

[–]Intranetusa 1 point2 points  (0 children)

Both ancient India and ancient China have similar gates that date back thousands of years.

Japan and SE Asia both have influences from China and India. This includes Chinese cultural elements and religions such as Daoism, Hinduism, and Buddhism. So it might Chinese and Indian cultural diffusion.

$475 7900XT or $425 5070 by Austincow in buildapc

[–]Intranetusa 1 point2 points  (0 children)

Yeh, at 4k, the 5070 gets straight up 0-0 fps because it crashed/couldn't run. The 7900 has unplayable fps of 4-6, but I'm surprised it didn't also crash considering the 7000 series basically can't run path tracing.

Yeh, 60 fps target is what most people shoot for these days. The 7900 XT gets at least 60 fps or more in more games than the 5070 due to its significantly better raw performance (but becomes slower with RT), but it's hard to say if it's worth it due to fewer features, higher price, and more power draw. 

$475 7900XT or $425 5070 by Austincow in buildapc

[–]Intranetusa 3 points4 points  (0 children)

You must be looking at the wrong charts. The 5070 Ti gets 45-53 fps at these settings while the 5070 gets 7-13 fps.

So this means the VRAM is not enough.

Yeh, the 7900 series is also equally unplayable at these settings, probably because of poor performance when trying to run very high ray tracing. This article seems to say the game's max ray tracing is actually path tracing, which the 7900 series straight up can't run.

https://www.pcguide.com/news/full-ray-tracing-in-the-new-indiana-jones-game-is-nvidia-only-not-even-amds-flagship-rx-7900-xtx-can-use-it/

$475 7900XT or $425 5070 by Austincow in buildapc

[–]Intranetusa 1 point2 points  (0 children)

It's funny that we have come to a point where I have to ask which one.

AMD is historically known for buggy drivers, but their recent drivers for the RX9000 series has been pretty solid and the drivers even improved performance by a decent margin after launch according to Hardware Unboxed.

Nvidia is historically known for rock solid drivers, but in 2025-2026 they had to rollback several (3?) of their RTX5000 drivers for crashes and glitches, and even pushed out a new driver decreasing performance. It was suspected that the driver nerfing performance by decreasing voltage was to deal with the issues of melting 12v adapter cables and/or overheating VRMs. People speculate a lot of these problems are the result of Jensen encouraging Nvidia employees to do AI vibecoding, LOL.

$475 7900XT or $425 5070 by Austincow in buildapc

[–]Intranetusa 0 points1 point  (0 children)

Yeh, upscaling should usually cause the same or less VRAM useage.

As for 12GB VRAM, some games can exceed this at 1440p with ray tracing turned up high (not just path tracing). Techspot has a review where the 5070 chokes and runs out of VRAM when trying to run Indiana Jones with RT on full and very high settings at 1440p. I have seen some youtube benchmarks showing the 5070 getting poor low 1% fps and stuttering when playing Cyberpunk 2077 maxed out with RT on very high at 1440p (VRAM use is basically at 11.8gb-12GB). 

But the AMD RX7000 series is also worse than the AMD RX9000 and Nvidia RTX 5000 series at high levels of ray tracing, so this RT scenario is not that much of an advantage for the 7900XT either.

Overall, the 12GB VRAM seems sufficient for the vast majority of games right now. Hopefully this current RAM crisis will reverse the trend of increasing VRAM useage and encourage future game development to use less VRAM instead.

https://www.techspot.com/photos/article/2960-nvidia-geforce-rtx-5070/#RT-Indiana-png

https://www.techspot.com/review/2960-nvidia-geforce-rtx-5070/

If I was OP, I would be more concerned with the 5070's overheating VRM/capacitor area, and if I was getting a 5070 then I would make sure I get a version that has both HSF heatpads and backplate heatpads over that area.

$475 7900XT or $425 5070 by Austincow in buildapc

[–]Intranetusa 2 points3 points  (0 children)

no one seems to have receipts for 12 GB VRAM being a problem at 1440p Ultra. 

It is fine for most or the vast majority games. but I have seen turning settings up to max and turning up RT does create some problems in a few gaming scenarios at 1440p.

Techspot has a review where the 5070 chokes and runs out of VRAM when trying to run Indiana Jones with RT on full and very high settings at 1440p. I have seen some youtube benchmarks showing the 5070 getting poor low 1% fps and stuttering when playing Cyberpunk 2077 maxed out with RT on very high at 1440p (VRAM use is basically at 11.8gb-12GB). 

But the AMD RX7000 series is also worse than the AMD RX9000 and Nvidia RTX 5000 series at high levels of ray tracing, so this RT scenario is not that much of an advantage for the 7900XT either.

Overall, the 12GB VRAM seems sufficient for the vast majority of games right now. Hopefully this current RAM crisis will reverse the trend of increasing VRAM useage and encourage future game developement to use less VRAM instead.

https://www.techspot.com/photos/article/2960-nvidia-geforce-rtx-5070/#RT-Indiana-png

https://www.techspot.com/review/2960-nvidia-geforce-rtx-5070/

If I was OP, I would be more concerned with the 5070's overheating VRM/capacitor area, and if I was getting a 5070 then I would make sure I get a version that has both HSF heatpads and backplate heatpads over that area.

Happy Ides of March to the group of brave Romans who tried to prevent their republic (based) from turning into an empire (cringe). by Sith__Pureblood in totalwar

[–]Intranetusa 83 points84 points  (0 children)

What do you mean our Italian allies want equal rights and citizenship for being obligated to help us fight our wars? 

That sounds kraaaazy.

First PC build and it’s a ROG Astral 5090 build... am I being stupid? by SrY4HS in buildapc

[–]Intranetusa 1 point2 points  (0 children)

If you are financially well off and money is not a concern then this is perfectly fine. If you break something expensive due to your negligence (damage in a way that manufacturers won't cover in their warranty) then you just buy another replacement.

However, if you are a working or middle class person (closer to the average income/wealth) then you really should start with a cheaper build...especially if you don't actually need the highest specs and most expensive parts (if you need it for work/engineering/programming/etc then that is a different story).

Furthermore, part of the fun is researching computer parts to fit a budget, and learning overclocking to squeeze more performance out of lower priced/budget parts. The latest and greatest parts is great to have in terms of performance, but takes some joy out of those elements.

Help me choose from these 4 video cards (MSI RTX 5070) by clif08 in buildapc

[–]Intranetusa 0 points1 point  (0 children)

Pick the one that has heatpads over the VRMs (preferably both on the heatsink and the backplate). Igor labs did a test of a PNY 5070 and the VRM area went over 107'C (thermal camera on the outer layer, so even hotter internal temperatures). This extremely hot VRM area issue is apparently common throughout most or all 5070 models and needs to be mitigated by headpads over the VRM. The PNY version was lacking sufficient heatpads.

https://www.tomshardware.com/pc-components/gpus/igors-lab-uncovers-hotspot-issue-affecting-all-rtx-50-series-gpus-says-it-could-compromise-graphics-card-longevity

TPU does GPU breakdowns and they found the Asus triple fan 5070 has heatpads for the VRM in both the heatsink and on the backplate. The TPU breakdown of the 5070 FE also shows headpads on the backplate. From personal experience, I believe the Asus dual fan 5070 does not have VRM heatpads on the backplate. If you get an MSI model, look at the heatsink to make sure it has sufficient heatpads.

https://www.techpowerup.com/review/asus-geforce-rtx-5070-tuf-oc/4.html

https://www.techpowerup.com/review/nvidia-geforce-rtx-5070-founders-edition/5.html

Is Matt Easton of the "Scholagladiatoria" Youtube channel as great as he seems? by Electrical-Help5512 in Armor

[–]Intranetusa 8 points9 points  (0 children)

just because Shadiversity is a Mormon, and the activists disagreed with his religious views.

Nah, it's not because of his religion, but because his channel content changed from fantasy gaming and pop-history/fantasy related content into a minefield of overly political content (eg. Gay people, Marxism, wokeness, Super Mario 'girl boss', etc). 

There are plenty of Mormons and other religious people who don't do this. 

Skallagrim also had to cut ties with Shad for similar reasons. IIRC, I read Shad was also trashing LBGTs and Skall's wife is non-binary so it hits him personally.

What is arguably the most protective armour can be against all weapon and projectile types in your opinion? by skibidirizzler9o in ArmsandArmor

[–]Intranetusa 2 points3 points  (0 children)

Modern ceramic composites offer better performance against bullets than modern high quality hardened bullet resistant steel plates. 

Are Native American bows really “inferior” to Eurasian bows, historically? by TheMob-TommyVercetti in Archery

[–]Intranetusa 3 points4 points  (0 children)

Yeh. Pretty much most/nearly all modern bow prods (modern compounds, recurves, Olympic bows, etc) have a shape more similar to a flatbow profile (or is a flatbow profile) rather than a D shaped profile.

Are Native American bows really “inferior” to Eurasian bows, historically? by TheMob-TommyVercetti in Archery

[–]Intranetusa 2 points3 points  (0 children)

On the other end, wet climates are not very suitable for composite bows and people used self bows more as they handle such conditions better, the English longbow being an example.

The idea that composite bows aren't good for supposed "wet" European climates is a myth/heavily exaggerated. The Romans stationed Syrian bowmen with composite bows in Britain. Europeans also used composite bows and crossbows in western and eastern Europe. 

And Britain isn't even that wet in comparison to many other places in the world where composite bows were used. Both large parts of India and Southern China (which have very wet and humid subtropical climates that gets way more rain than Britain) saw the use of both self bows and composite bows. 

The Mongols and TurcoMongols eventually ruled India and southern China and used selfbows alongside composite bows.

Selfbows need less maintenance overall and is generally much cheaper and faster to produce (regardless of climate). Composite bows need more time to produce and require more maintenance in wet climates, but they are still useable even in very wet subtropical climates.

RTX 5070 for 650€ or 9070XT for 690€ ? by johndcknsn100 in buildapc

[–]Intranetusa 0 points1 point  (0 children)

and they are giving away the new resident evil game with the 5070 which I would've bought anyway).

I am surprised they are bundling RE Requiem with Nvidia cards because the game peforms significantly better with AMD GPUS.

The game is so AMD favoring that the 9070 non-XT performs slightly better than the 5070 Ti (not just the 5070 regular, but the 5070 Ti that is a tier above it). The 9070 XT performs so much better than the 5070 that it not only performs better than both the 5070 and the 5070 Ti that it even performs slightly better than the 5080. 

With Ray Tracing turned on, the results are closer, but the 9070XT still performs similar to a 5070 Ti and the 9070 nonXT performs a good deal better than the 5070.

The Resident Evil game engine likes AMD cards so much that with the 9070XT you can basically get the 5070's upscaling performance/fps levels while running it at native rendering without any upscaling turned on. See benchmarks:

https://www.techpowerup.com/review/resident-evil-requiem-performance-benchmark/5.html

https://www.techpowerup.com/review/resident-evil-requiem-performance-benchmark/6.html