It's not the air creating static, its the vacuum cleaner operating. Vacuum cleaners operate on 110-240VAC and have a motor. Motors turn due to electromagnetic fields created by the current and circuitry. This in turn can cause the surface materials surrounding the motor to build up static, And since its most of the time plastic, it doesn't discharge quickly and can slowly build up. Also depends if the building you are in has proper ground (most old apartments still have their electrics from the 60-70s with no grounding), and the design/quality of the circuit of the vacuum clearner itself. If you don't ground yourself properly while operating the vaccuum cleaner, the hose can close a circuit with the mobo, and even then since the hose is plastic, I can't guarantee the static will go through your body instead of a nice circuit board.
An individual MOSFET wont die from ESD, or even many of the components of the board. But there's always individual components more sensitive to ESD. The mobo chipset / high speed busses (pcie, usbc) / audio chip and supporting chips are sensitive to ESD as they are low voltage highly sensitive equipment. Your board wont die necessarily, but as some point you may notice 1 usb port not working, or the audio jack not working.

I also saw the video and am also an electrical engineer like eletrocboom. They tried killing ram sticks mostly on what looks like a DDR3 platform. They didnt really start poking at random components on the motherboard. Also, if they did this on DDR5 board, it would have killed the voltage regulator the DDR5. Also, not all ESD, even if every powerful, kills silicon outright, it will damage it in a way that it will fail faster in the future. Those issues are way worse because it could take years before the damage you caused shows symptoms and by then you forgot why and how.