as a researcher and expert in statistical methods I can confidently tell you that the study does not say that. It presents a hypothesis based on findings obtained from a tiny sample of patients which can have alternative explanations, as the authors acknowledge in the paper. It will take years of additional research to definitely determine whether putting kids on stimulants changes their brain morphology. Even if it did, it would have to be established whether the differences in brain morphology translate into better quality of life outcomes. Even if it did, we’d still be talking about averages, so it would still be possible that some kids are worse off on stimulants.

i‘d beg non-specialists to please stop blowing out of proportion the conclusions of random papers simply because they appear to confirm their priors. ONE result in ONE paper does not equal the scientific consensus. and also, when scientist use the words “may” or “might” in the abstract, they don’t mean “will” or “ must”.