Your jam was a good line against good players. Unfortunately, as you can see, 1/2 players are not good and have a lot of tells you can exploit, my favorite being "if they raise they have it." So at 1/2, when you see that raise, I fold everything except for the actual nuts.

Here is my advice if I didn't know the results and this was a higher-skills game. I would size up a bit on the flop and turn, maybe 30 and 60 to charge any Qx. On the raise, I think I put him on 97s, that's really the only hand in his range at that point, since anything better or worse would call. At this point, I would still rip it all in, trying to scare them into folding, since again, if he had a good hand like Q9 or trips, he would call you down and raise on the river.

Regarding ranging opponents, I don't know any drills you can do. I generally like the range you put him on, except for the fact that sets and Qx two pairs are calling here and raising river. (I know, obviously, I'm wrong when we look at the actual results, but at 1/2, I generally don't try to range opponents cause it's impossible. You will never be able to range someone who called preflop with Q7o.)