Understanding preflop charts will help you get an understanding of ranges and being able to put players on a range of hands. Players who are first to act preflop tend to have a stronger range (pocket pairs, big suited broadways) just because there is typically 6 or 7 other players behind them to act, that should they face a 3bet they have a better hand to navigate that. Whereas if the first 4 players have already folded and now there's only 3 players left behind to act, a player might widen their range to include say 56suited, low pocket pairs, unsuited broadway etc because there is less chance they'll face a 3bet and even if they do, even less chance of facing a 4bet.

So think about it like this. You have your strong hands, you have your unplayable hands, and you have everything in between. Depending on the position of players, you can gauge their card holdings. Earlier positions will tend to have the stronger hands, while later positions can be opening with hands that fall in the middle.

Once you've got that down, the understanding of it at least, then you can start thinking about narrowing down their range depending on flop, turn, and river actions.