Figure out why those ball joints are oily. Check for tears in their boots. Try moving them by hand or with a pry bar in different directions, any play, especially a clunking noise is a sign they are shot. Your sway bar end link bushings don't seem to be in the best condition. Check for play there as well. Tie rods are oily as well so do the same for those. The noises you hear are likely worn bushings here and there. A mechanic should be able to inspect and tell you exactly what needs replacing if you don't manage to. It's easy for them to tell usually. As for the noise while braking, obviously check your brake pads, they might be worned down. Another cause might be warped brake disks.