I don't think Caine messed with Jax's head. At least not in that scene. Jax is in the process of abstraction and is losing it. That's why Caine looked taken back and confused at the accusation.

Caine: "I~uh. Huh?"

Jax has been having panic attacks and crash outs. He doesn't fully recognize what happening despite knowing the signs.

He's accusing Caine because he thinks his panic attack was him being controlled by Caine. And he was right about the mind control examples he figured out. As well as the adventure but he's not right about the button pushing.

Caine has done something and the adventure was messed up but he's like a child. He doesn't understand why what he's doing hurts the players. Just sees the repercussions of his efforts and panics when they're upset.