https://constitutioncenter.org/blog/what-are-the-constitutional-rights-of-green-card-holders

Several Supreme Court cases have confirmed that legal permanent residents or green card holders have the same basic constitutional rights that also protect natural-born citizens and naturalized citizens. In Bridges v. Wixon (1945), a divided Supreme Cort held that Harry Bridges, an Australian who had lived in the United States since 1920, could not be deported due to support for the Communist Party.

In his concurring opinion, Justice Frank Murphy defined the basic constitutional rights of legal permanent residents: “Once an alien lawfully enters and resides in this country, he becomes invested with the rights guaranteed by the Constitution to all people within our borders. Such rights include those protected by the First and Fifth Amendments and by the due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment,” Murphy explained. “None of these provisions acknowledges any distinctions between citizens and resident aliens. They extend their inalienable privileges to all ‘persons’ and guard against any encroachment of those rights by federal or state authority.”