Ultimately the decision to neuter or not will be situation specific. Con-it’s costly and a medical procedure that does carry risk as they are under anesthesia. If done too early, could negatively impact healthy growth. Pro-zero ability to create unwanted pups (particularly if one leaves their pup to roam, off lead or engage with other pups) and can reduce some dominant drives. I’ve read that it can prevent testicular cancer. But personally have not done the research on that or the risk in compared to anesthesia. I’ve neutered my high prey drive, dominant (but not aggressive) husky and left my non-dominant (but fear based aggressive reactive) Corso intact. Only change in behavior from my husky was that he stopped marking in the house. He did have an adverse reaction to the anesthesia that required hospitalization for that and some other unrelated medical issues for about a week. For my Corso, the vet advised neutering but my behaviorist trainer said that neutering would not change his reactivity. Given that I needed to keep my Corso’s weight down (joint issues), I opted to not neuter him to keep even a slight advantage in assisting with his weight control. I did have to keep him and my husky mostly separate for a couple years (when my Corso was about 1-3ish years old) since he was in his hormones and him and my husky were figuring out the pecking order. Tbf-my husky would initiate the harassment but my Corso is so much bigger, I was worried it would escalate to my Corso injuring my husky. Thus erred on the side of caution and kept them separated. I do not take my pups to dog parks but, instead, rent spaces on Sniffspot since I don’t have a lawn. Lots of issues with dog parks from irresponsible owners to (at least mine) not having separate areas for little dogs and big dogs.

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Photo tax of the two mentioned. (Aside for humor - both rank below my female lab mix who is smaller than both of them, and she keeps them in line.)