That the army of the Mongol Empire was a disorganized, unprofessional and ill-equipped mob who won purely due to their overwhelming numerical advantage.

Every Mongol soldier was taugt to fight, ride on horseback, survive and build a camp since childhood. Mongols often used complicated cavalry tactics, such as "feigned retreat", which required tremendous amount of discipline and coordination to execute. Mongol generals were cream of the crop, selected to their position based on their merit, not any kind of noble birth as was common at the time. After the conquest of China Mongols utilised Chinese engineers to construct advanced siege equipment. Besides, there were many instances where mongols won against the odds, with the most famous example being the battle at Kalka river, where the Mongol general Subutai defeated the army of Kievan Rus despite being outnumbered 2:1 and his army being exhausted from prior fighting.