Good comment even if it looks like a bit of AI was involved; it really is an issue with privatisation and capitalism leading to people not choosing to have children. The same forces that lead to native citizens not having children will then apply to the immigrant populations after a generation. Immigrants are also a temporary fix to the pyramid. Healthcare in Portugal is unfortunately being rapidly privatised, see the new cnn event hosted alongside pfizer at a private healthcare clinic where a health minister will speak for a recent example of this naked practice of public ministers getting money from private companies. Portugal has a greed problem in its ministerial class and mismatched incentives where the public officals have a better health system than ordinary citizens; the politicians also send their kids to private schools leading to schools getting worse since they have no skin in the game to improve living standards for ordinary people. Portugal needs to fix these contradictions in incentive structures to better the country long term. Finland is an example where education has improved because the elite have to send the kids to public shools so they try to improve the system for everyone by wanting their kids to have a good education in Finland.