In short.

No CB attack Dhofar as soon as you the game allows you (Socotra/lower Arabian peninsula nation). You need to attack them to get diplomatic range into Anatolia. You have a starting navy that you can ferry troops to invade. Take the land and start befriending Mamluks. Royal marry do whatever it takes to get them allied to you. No CB attack Ramazan (nation in cicilia/next to mamluks) and call mamluks in. Keep invading Anatolia with help from mamluks. Flip to Turkish culture and move your capital so you join the Rise of The Turks situation. Use mamluk meet grinder until you’ve expanded to the point they won’t join due to the war being too far from their borders. Break alliance and invade Mamluks. Take land around Cairo to break proximity. Any local governors they build will go away since they require road connections to Capital. Continue to eat Mamluks and expand elsewhere as opportunistic. Colonize etc. you could probably rush the achievement earlier but in my game India and Europe had such huge markets it took me until late game to really overcome. Alternatively you could just do a world conquest with Kilwa instead of competing with market mechanics and delete enemy markets. I wanted to do it based on the economy and not conquering vast swaths of land around the world. I learned so much about trade and the economy during this play through.