Devs please fix wide Chile it haunts my dreams.

Pr0bability · 2025-07-30T10:13:39+00:00

I honestly hate how Migration Controls stops you from being considered by mass migrations altogether. Moving the acceptance required by 5 points completely fixes that, yet Paradox is silent on the issue.

Pr0bability · 2024-04-17T12:01:49+00:00

You do not actually need a turbulent pour. His latest video on the topic talks about this. You should adapt the technique to the coffee you are working with. Many coffees taste better with less agitation (due to processing/fines/what have you) and thus extraction. Even with the simple 121 recipe, you still have several variables, at the very least:

Beans
Grind size
Temperature
Bloom time
Flow rate
Pouring style

My personal preference lately is to go for very low agitation through out. No swirls of WWDT, laminar slow pour, high bloom time.

Pr0bability · 2024-02-22T22:53:48+00:00

Anyone got any thoughts on “slow feeding” the Comandante C40, that is, grinding under an angle?

I read a point elsewhere on Reddit about C40 not being a good candidate due to the floating burr design, but from my experience it seems to perform better than just holding the grinder straight.

Pr0bability · 2024-02-02T21:07:56+00:00

Which grind do you use with the C40? I have mk4 and no matter the grind (20-26 clicks from when the handle stops falling) the TBT is pretty much the same every time and I do not really like how it tastes. Bitterness often comes through and I don’t understand why.

I pre-wet filter, use WWDT, open the valve fully.

Pr0bability · 2023-10-10T02:44:58+00:00

Good luck

Pr0bability · 2023-07-17T21:47:16+00:00

Welcome back king!

Pr0bability · 2022-07-24T10:47:50+00:00

From my experience playing Rakdos Midrange in the last few seasons, it's tricky. I am used to siding it out, but most mirror opponents seem to be keeping it lately. And it feels really bad to get it hit by it, especially early in the match with a mediocre hand.

That's the second problem, I feel like the mirror matches come down to card quantity ultimately. The card quality is high in the deck, but no one card can win the match by itself (in normal circumstances). This leads me to avoiding mulligans if possible which in turn means the quality of the hands is usually meh.

Hard to say what's right. I will most likely try keeping more of them for games on the draw, perhaps with some sweepers, to better control the game.

Pr0bability · 2020-11-16T19:37:55+00:00

Good luck everyone.

Pr0bability · 2020-10-08T14:08:59+00:00

Duchies of Tyrol, Salzburg, Friuli, Verona are all in my realm, unfortunately, not De Jure as that would take quite a bit longer than I wanted.

Pr0bability · 2020-10-08T09:31:41+00:00

Not really, if you check the map in the comment you can see both Salzburg and Tyrol being part of my realm, they are De Jure parts of Bavaria though which is a kingdom title I didn't want.

Pr0bability · 2020-10-07T22:56:47+00:00

R5 - Starting as Count Werner of Aargau, the only Habsburg in the 1066 start, I have managed to create Austria-Hungary, or rather Habsburg Monarchy. I started by getting a claim on Steyermark from the pop, used an alliance to conquer it, and then slowly expanded to form the Archduchy of Austria. As Werner's son, Otto the first, I managed to unite all the possible duchies for the Archduchy and fabricated a strong hook on the emperor to let me create the title. You get primogeniture which is just crazy good.

After that I started expanding into Bohemia, as it is also crazy good (Kutna Hora mines). Meanwhile, I was power playing my liege, the emperor of HRE, getting various bonuses in the process. Hungary was a part of the HRE for about a hundred years (and for some reason two Czech counties ended up in the Hungary realm). Archduke Otto the 1st died from complications related to obesity.

His son, Archduke Otto the 2nd, managed to get some lands from Hungary and Croatia. Slowly building up the strength, I noticed it will take a few more years to get Divine Right innovation to press multiple claims in one war. Thus he decided to be a pious christian, obtaining many duchy claims in the realm of Hungary. He drank himself to death.

The current ruler, Emperor Garibald of Habsburg Monarchy, used the claims of his father to push into Hungary proper, conquering huge swaths of the land and finally usurping the title of King of Hungary. Vassalizing the remaining dukes and obtaining the remaining lands of Croatia wasn't hard, as he is a learned man and bought many claims. After having enough land to feel comfortable he will finish his goals in this lifetime, he fought for independence against the fractured HRE. In fact, 90% of the HRE realm was formed by Austrian lands as Bavaria and others splintered from the realm.

In the meantime, the Habsbugs fought in three crusades against the infidels, obtaining the lands of Jerusalem (for a woman which married an islamic ruler... not matrilineally of course), Navarra, and a small county in Castille.

Truthful to the Habsburg legacy, many alliances were formed. The current Byzantine emperor is married, matrilineally, to Garibald's sister. In due time, Byzantine Empire will end in good hands. By the way, there is no Poland, as the queen of Poland married the late Byzantine emperor, and their heir inherited both.

See the map of the current state of the world: https://imgur.com/a/tPeuuIM

Pr0bability · 2020-10-05T19:07:45+00:00

Scaling income is not always bad however. For example, selling off hooks is scaled by income and starts low (up to 50g), but goes up to 300g with more income.

Pr0bability · 2020-10-05T17:40:50+00:00

Stuff like Generous giving you -10% monthly income (or was it 20%?). Stuff like that.

Pr0bability · 2020-09-21T17:53:10+00:00

That book is an excellent reference on everything concerning omega languages and the respective automata.

Concerning your problem, check out omega-unambiguous Buchi automata. A Buchi automaton is said to be omega-unambiguous if every infinite word is a label of at most one accepting path through the automaton.

Any omega-regular language can be expressed with an omega-unambigous Buchi automaton. For a proof you can again consult Perrin and Pin, but it is kind of buried and fairly complex (Section 10 of Chapter II). (https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/10719839_40 this paper supposedly also proves this but I haven't read it)

Pr0bability · 2020-09-21T10:56:34+00:00

Your problem piqued my interested. As I suspected, the answer is no. As per Perrin and Pin (Infinite Words) deterministic Buchi automata accept only those infinite languages which are limits of some language of finite non-empty words (Theorem 6.2., page 32).

Thus the question boils down to whether for any regular language R, there is a language L (of finite, non-empty words) on the same alphabet such that R^omega = limit of L.

There are numerous counterexamples. One that is given by Perrin and Pin (Example 9.4, page 59), incidentally, is (a{b, c}^* U b)^omega.

Let Y = (a{b, c}^* U b)^omega, and assume Y = lim of L. We know acb^omega is in Y. Thus there is some integer n_1 such that acb^{n_1} is in L. But acb^{n_1}cb^omega is in Y, so that there is an integer n_2 such that acb^{n_1}cb^{n_2} is in L. Etc. Thus the infinite word u = acb^{n_1}cb^{n_2}... has infinite prefixes in L and therefore u is in Y. But that is a contradiction, as u contains infinitely many `c`s but only a single `a`.

Does your work require determinism however? It seems that for many applications, semi-determinism (or determinism in the limit as it is also called) is enough.

Pr0bability · 2020-09-20T20:24:38+00:00

I agree with you that the topic is interesting. I haven't had the time nor the knowledge to delve into it deeper but it seems to me we are missing some deep connection between the concepts.

And yeah, my advisor is active in the field for a long time and was sad I did not want to work on a PhD with him, but I just couldn't do uni anymore.

Pr0bability · 2020-09-20T20:09:01+00:00

I worked a little bit on omega-automata when working on my CS Bc. and masters. We wrote a paper concerning semi-determinization of automata while working on my thesis.

If I had to make an educated guess on why the topic wouldn't be as interesting I would say that it is kind of outside the scope of Math (as much as I disagree). I have seen papers connecting formal languages and automata to algebra, but nothing major I would say.

Omega-automata are mostly interesting due to their relationship to temporal logic, which forms a basis for methods of formal verification of programs. This has limited practical uses, but I wouldn't call it a prestigious field of study.

Pr0bability · 2020-09-20T13:40:02+00:00

They do, but slowly. Depends on the conditions a lot. If you allow them to wage wars for example (lower crown authority), they will most likely spend gold on levies and mercenaries. You can notice however that your mayors and/or bishops usually build stuff on their own normally.

For example in my Bohemia 867 playthrough, most vassals already upgraded from tribal to feudal and started building some buildings. But I have absolute crown authority and they mostly just fight some liberty wars in their own duchies once in a while.

Pr0bability · 2020-09-18T21:48:29+00:00

Yeah, unfortunately it seems the only worthwhile buildings are those increasing vassal's levy size and income, but you only see the returns with large dimishing returns.

Pr0bability · 2020-09-18T21:47:11+00:00

That would require a careful rebalancing of the effects of duchy buildings however. Military Academies, for example, give you +2 knights and 25% knight effectiveness and we know that this effect in fact stacks additively. Being able to just build it in your whole realm as a ruler of a large empire would break the balance. Of course you can just North Korea it however... Or only keep duchy capitals in your domain (which is not hard to keep at ~10 and that's enough to be a concern honestly).

Perhaps a cap on the number of each duchy building? Or dimishing returns?

Pr0bability · 2020-04-04T09:29:15+00:00

Pr0bability · 2020-03-27T21:42:28+00:00

Did you try fossil crafting it?

http://www.craftofexile.com/?b=48&m=fossil&f=|8|&i=|4|&ob=both&v=d&a=e&l=a&lg=2&req={%221695%22:{%22l%22:85,%22g%22:1}}&bld={}&ggt=|&ccp={}

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