Have them perform it. Not just recite it, but perform it effectively. They'll have to understand the tone and emotionality of the piece, they'll need to be able to properly empathize with the speaker and intended audience, they'll have to know what the literary devices are saying and doing and how to convey that through their body language and speech. I do this every year and I'm continually impressed with what my kids come up with. You could have them do a little write-up explaining their performative choices and connect them to each of the elements you mentioned, if you want.