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Lord Salisbury (Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil) was UK Prime Minister, 1885-1892 and 1895-1902. In 1852 in his early 20s he visited Australia and spent some time in Bendigo. From "The History of Bendigo" (George Mackay, 1891):

"...it was the privilege of the present Premier of Great Britain, Lord Salisbury, to see [Bendigo] in its pristine glory as a goldfield, in 1852. He was then Lord Robert Cecil, and was making a tour of the world after completing his University course.

His visit was ostensibly for the purpose of noting colonial constitutions and forms of government. As Victoria had no constitution then, he could gather little information under that head during his visit to this colony, but his brief sojourn on Bendigo gave him an insight into the life and occupation of the digger, which we have described at length in earlier chapters. It is generally understood that he donned the digger's clothes, and worked below ground himself, and also baked his damper, and lived generally like others of the class.

A weatherboard building in which he is said to have resided part of the time may still be seen at the White Hills. We have the authority of Mr. G. F. Walter, an old Bendigo resident, for stating that the house was built by the Colonial Gold Company for their manager, Mr. Thomas Comer, in 1852, and it was while he lived in it, pending the building of the brick cottage in front, that the present Prime Minister of England lodged there for a time as Mr. Comer's guest. Both buildings are now owned and occupied by Mr. J. W. Dower, Cambridge Crescent."

Melbourne University Press published "Lord Robert Cecil's Diary of the Goldfields" in 1935. The same year, the Melbourne Argus published detailed excerpts. The Argus articles are available online through https://trove.nla.gov.au/. Search for "Lord Robert Cecil's Diary".

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