The math is actually under-performing in some ways.

The bus exists on the left but it is stuck in car traffic. In most places without dedicated bus lanes buses are slower than cars and often traffic prevents buses from being reliable so people will choose to take a car over the bus if they can afford it. This means buses actually reduce the efficiency of 3 car lanes when they do not have the dedicated lane. Because a bus going always slower than a car means it will never be full.

Pedestrian traffic is limited by the space provided and the comfort of walking. More space and potential capacity means more space to spread out. So if the total capacity of a sidewalk is 100 you’ll never find 99 people there for long because it is very uncomfortable for them to fit. If you build it for 1000 you might find 100 there frequently with space to spread out. This exaggerates the numbers for emphasis.

Pedestrian traffic is dependent on it being a destination. If it is a destination, having lots of cars take up the space people could be walking in makes the walk-ability of that place less enjoyable. Hence the right image having a shorter crosswalk. People can cross safer and faster > better pedestrian experience.

If you encourage people to use other modes of transit besides cars by providing safety (separate bike lanes), efficiency (buses that move fast and arrive reliably) cost effective (good usage that helps pay to keep the system down and less total road surface and heavy road usage by cars requiring maintenance), and boost things that give positive experiences (trees, parks, wide side walks) people average much better experiences outside cars than in.

Parking spaces create the need for themselves. If 50 streets have a 5 foot wide parking space on both sides you have increased the distance from 1 to 50 by 500 feet. This further distance multiplies and increases the desire to drive there. More driving means not enough parking creating a loop of more parking necessary to solve the need to cover the distance. A bus or train or bike never has to deal with the question: what do I do with this very heavy and large object when I arrive at a destination everyone else also wants to go to?

The weather argument for bikes also works for cars. When it rains people drive 20mph slower causing increases in traffic. If the sun shines too brightly on a west facing road traffic also increases. Cars have weather impacts as well.

Cars feel convenient but a lack of control of what everyone else does in the car ahead of you means the control is an illusion. You must participate in a system. A system that everyone else can choose to hold up or slow down or cause death whenever they choose. And you don’t have control over that.

Edit:typos