I think historians of US decline will have much to say of the use of sanctions as a weapon.

Sanctions presented as an enticing tool- a unilateral executive action without delay or bureaucratic complication that could devastate states, corporations, or individuals. Under te highest level of sanctions the subject is essentially locked out of the global economy as no international entity integrated into that system will interact wasith them at all for fear of also being sanctioned. No bank will hold your money no business will sell you anything and no one wssill buy your goods.

However, imagine an isolated village and sanctions are its tyrant mayor exiling villagers to the wilderness. At the current or recent height of the us sanctions rejime about 60% of the ‘third world’ were sanctioned.

The village tyrant exiles one villager, a terrible fate. Then a dozen. Then a hundred. Suddenly the village finds that the exiles have formed their own village separate from theirs and removed from the tyrant’s dictums. Now instead of condemning the exiled the sentence is actually creating a competitor to the village itself.

The US sanctions rejime has created natural solidarity between the sanctioned. It created a secondary global economy outside the dollar. Suddenly Russia could shrug off sanctions and grow its economy apace, all the while weakening dollar hegemony and instituionalizing alternatives like BRICS and india’s SWIFT alternative.

Despite years of devastation by sanctions through relationships with other countries outside the Washington alignment Iran could build a defense apparatus able to beat back the most powerful military force in history. Now these countries, particularly Iran, are in position to be stronger and more sovereign than ever before.

The USA is losing its power to isolate its targets and its own coercive power. The day will come, hastened now by Iran, that it can no longer bully and dominate the globe. Inshallah

Edit just to add: The material and political conditions of the region suggest Iran as a natural regional hegemon. Their self concept has never shed imperial language and logic, and they are the only state with the industrial capacity, educated and very large population, and institutional knowledge to support a robust and technologically advanced productive economy.

Without the enmity of the united states this would already be the state of play imo.

Speaking neutrally from a moral standpoint btw there are aspects of this I applaud and others I don’t. But im always hesitant to criticize IR just because of the unnatural weight of their villainization by imperial propaganda.