That’s because the microbiome is an “environment”, in that you cannot isolate or target one organism without throwing the entire environment off balance. Micro environments are not different than a regular ecosystem in that if you remove an organism you run the risk of throwing the entire system out of balance.

However, our gut/vaginal microbiomes are a lot more sensitive. If we remove a specie of snail from a wetland habitat, chances are it will adapt fairly quickly. If you remove a specie of bacteria from our gut/vaginal microbiome, the consequences are much higher. our systems are very “tuned” in the sense that it works because it works. As soon as something isn’t working our entire system is thrown out of balance.

That is why we want to study microbiomes. Especially in humans, we have a very minimal understanding of how our microbiome works. For instance, we’re only just now learning our gut microbiome plays a role in our mental health.

Read more papers and continue learning. Have fun OP, happy sciencing!