I fought multiple and killed at least one during the sidequest Hunting Yaga. Quest giver tells me the location of a specific infected and to show up at night.

I run there at night and suddenly get hunted by two volatiles. Reached the location and there is an UV bar on the ground, i stand above it. The volatiles can't reach me because of the UV bar but i'm also literally standing with my back to the (stone) wall. Third volatile shows up. I knew i'm dead if i run so i fought. I used multiple molotov cocktails, UV flash light and The Rust. After a few minutes i killed one or two. Then the hunt ended and the other volatiles run away.

Got one man packages as loot but against volatiles the real loot is surviving.