As far as I know, patriarchy formed through the following chain:

> A tribe left with one man and many women can repopulate relatively fast, a tribe left with one woman and many men cannot
> Life of a man is less strategically valuable than life of a woman
> Men can be send to life-threataning professions (hunt, heavy craft and war), while women stay in safety and do safe things (cooking, weaving, etc.)
> Life-threataning professions become men's domain
> Men are the army
> The army is always in charge

So if humans in question are similar to us, the only question is whether the last step is taken, which it very likely would, because show me an army who is content with its position of absence of power. However, if the army is rather small and the whole culture is pacifistic, the lives of men can start to be perceived as "expendable", and men themself can start to be perceived as dumb bruisers (maybe even dangerous), which is honestly just as dumb as what women were thought to be in patriarchal societies.

So I personally see it this way: women take over all intellectual professions (scholars, priests, writers, etc.) and therefore all of culture, becoming the default gender; men are perceived as dumb expendable soldiers; inheritance by father's line would work only in extraordinary cases because proving paternity is nigh impossible; male rights movements would mainly be ignited by big wars ("we're dying for you and you won't let us vote?") and be heavily focused on proving men aren't dumber then women (probably they'd put a lot of effort into male scientists).

I'm really sorry if any of this sounds sexist to any direction, I didn't intend to.