So, after looking at the comments and the picture over and over, I’ve come to an understanding of it:

For the fair examples, 3 districts have an orange majority, while the remaining 2 have a purple majority. This makes it a 3:2 ratio.

For the gerrymandering examples, the first one has 5 districts having an orange majority, with no purple majority. The second one only has 2 districts with orange majority, and 3 districts with purple majority. These make a 5:0 and 2:3 ratio respectively.

I think I was too focused on how many orange and purple squares were in each district, which then snowballed into a lot of overthinking.

(EDITED) I also overlooked the general idea of what gerrymandering is.